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A 3FR file is a digital photograph captured by various Hasselblad digital cameras, such as X1D II 50C and 907X Special Edition. It stores image data in the Hasselblad 3F RAW (3FR) format as the camera's CCD captured it.
3G2(3GPP2 file format) is a multimedia container format similar to the 3GP file format. 3G2 is defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) for 3G CDMA2000 multimedia services. 3G2 files are stored with the .3g2 extension. As compared to 3GP files, 3G2 files consume less space and bandwidth.
3GA files are similar to .3GP files except that they are intended for audio only instead of audio and video. Audio file saved in the 3GPP format, which was developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; most commonly used on cell phones for capturing, playing, and transmitting audio data.
3GP(3GPP File Format) is a multimedia container format used on 3G mobile phones. It can also be played on some 2G and 4G phones. 3GP is defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for 3G UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) multimedia services. 3GP files are stored with the .3gp extension. 3GP file format was designed for GSM-based (Global System for Mobile Communications) phones and is the standard format for media files sent via MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service). Unlike MP4, which uses H.263 codec, 3GP files preferably used the H.263 codec.
A 3GPP file is a multimedia file saved in the 3GPP format developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project. It stores video and audio and is primarily used to transmit video over the Internet and save videos on 3G mobile phones.
7z is an archiving format for compressing files and folders with a high compression ratio. It is based on Open Source architecture which makes it possible to use any compression and encryption algorithms. The format is now supported by a number of software applications such as 7-ZIP which is publicly available for download and usage to manipulate .7z files. Files with .7z extension have mime-type application/x-7z-compressed.
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) refers to digital audio coding standard that represent audio files based on lossy audio compression. It was launched as successor of MP3 file format keeping in view that the lateral faced issues for the implementation of new ideas in the encoding process based on the development of methods for data compression. AAC achieves better sound quality as compared to MP3 at the same bit rate. It was defined in MPEG-2 Part 7 (ISO/IEC 13818-7), and in an updated form in MPEG-4 Part 3 (ISO/IEC 14496-3). The format was adopted as default media format by YouTube, iPhone, iPod, iPad, Apple iTunes and several other platforms. Several applications and APIs are available for conversion of AAC file format to other formats such as MP3, WMA, M4A, WAV and others.
A file with a .ac3 extension is an Audio Codec 3 file, introduced by Dolby Laboratories. It is an audio format that can contain up to six channels of audio output. The format had been originally used for audio but is now also used for other applications such as HDTV broadcast, DVDs, Blue-ray discs and game consoles. Applications that can open AC3 files include Apple QuickTime player, Microsoft Windows Media Player, Winamp, MPlayer and other similar.
A file with an .ai extension is an Adobe Illustrator Artwork file that contains vector graphics in a single page. it uses points to create paths for displaying the image data, thus making it safe from losing image quality if it is enlarged. AI file format is base don the PGF file format which are similar to AI files. AI format finds its major usage for logos and print media, and its initial versions were considered similar to that of EPS files. AI files can be opened with Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Acrobat DC, PaintShop Pro, and CorelDraw Graphics tools.
An AIFC file is a compressed .AIFF file commonly used by media players and gaming consoles to store sounds. It is saved in the Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) and compressed with one of several codecs, such as ULAW, ALAW, or G722 compression.
The AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format) is an uncompressed audio file format developed by Apple in 1998, but is based on EA IFF 85 (Standard for Interchange Format Files developed by Electronic Arts), a wrapper format used on Amiga systems. This file format comes up with a standard for storing sampled sounds. The format is good enough in flexibility, and enables the storage of monaural or multichannel sampled sounds at various sample rates and sample widths. Since the AIFF files are uncompressed, this thing making them bigger in size than other lossy formats such as MP3. These files consist of 2 channels of uncompressed stereo audio with 16 bits sample size, recorded at 44.1 khz. Because of high quality of audio, a 5 minute audio can take upto 50MB disk space which is similar to WAV file format.
The file with .amr extension is an audio data format relevant to Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec; consists of a multi-rate narrowband speech codec which encodes narrowband signals at 4.75-12.2 kbit/s bit rate with toll quality speech starting at 7.4 kbit/s; uses link adaptation to select from one of eight different bit rates based.
The APE file is an audio file compressed with Monkey’s Audio; an algorithm for lossless audio data compression. Unlike lossy compression methods such as AAC, MP3, Vorbis, and Opus, this typical algorithm does not scrap any data during the process of encoding. The files encoded to Monkey’s Audio are usually reduced to about half of their original size. These files contain error detection and tag support that save data about the audio files. This file format is more widely used among Microsoft Windows users. It uses highly insistent compression rate and the other great thing is that the Monkey’s Audio files can be always decompressed to the exact, original files. The Monkey’s Audio encoder is freely available and can be included easily into other software programs. If Monkey’s Audio is Compared to ALAC, FLAC, or WavPack, it is relatively slow to encode or decode files.
An ARW file is a digital photograph captured by various Sony digital cameras, such as the a6300 and a7R III. It contains raw, uncompressed image data captured by the camera's CCD and saved in the Sony Alpha Raw (ARW) format based on the TIFF specification.
A file with .asf extension is a multimedia file format for storing and playing digital media streams over the network. It is a container file format that can have both video and audio content for streaming online. You will rarely find ASF files, and more probably come across the Windows Media Audio (WMA) and Windows Media Video (WMV) files that both specify ASF files having content encoded with respective codecs. Windows media files can be created and read using the Windows Media Format SDK.
The AVI file format is an Audio Video multimedia container file format that was introduced by Microsoft. It holds the audio and video data created and compressed using several codecs (Coders/Decoders) such as XVid and DivX. Since different codecs can be used to encode the AVI contents, the retrieving applications i.e. AVI players, should be able to open these only if they have the required codecs installed with which the AVI contents were created. The format is supported by default on all Microsoft Windows platforms as well as on almost all other major platforms. Several applications and APIs provide the capability to create/save, read and convert AVI to other popular formats such as MP4, MOV, WMV, etc.
AZW is a digital ebook file format developed by Amazon for its Kindle devices. The format was adopted from MobiPocket eBook MOBI file format and DRM protection was applied for their usage on Kindle devices only. AZW files can store things like formatted text, bookmarks, and other information as is part of the Mobipocket .PRC files. DRM protected AZW files can’t be read by other devices and can be read using Kindle devices. AZW files can be converted to a number of other file formats such as PDF, EPUB, AZW3, DOCX, and RTF. AZW files have internet media type application/vnd.amazon.mobi8-ebook.
AZW3, also known as Kindle Format 8 (KF8), is the modified version of the AZW ebook digital file format developed for Amazon Kindle devices. The format is an enhancement to older AZW files and is used on Kindle Fire devices only with backward compatibility for the ancestor file format i.e. MOBI and AZW. Amazon introduced KFX (KF version 10) format after KF8 that is used on the latest Kindle devices. AZW3 files have internet media type application/vnd.amazon.mobi8-ebook. AZW3 files can be converted to a number of other file formats such as PDF, EPUB, AZW, DOCX, and RTF.
Files having extension .BMP represent Bitmap Image files that are used to store bitmap digital images. These images are independent of graphics adapter and are also called device independent bitmap (DIB) file format. This independency serves the purpose of opening the file on multiple platforms such as Microsoft Windows and Mac. The BMP file format can store data as two-dimensional digital images in both monochrome as well as color format with various colour depths.
A file with a .cab extension belongs to a windows cabinet file that belongs to the category of system files. It is a file that is saved in the archive file format in the versions of Microsoft Windows that support compressed data algorithms, such as the LZX, Quantum, and ZIP. The file comes in vital use when a user or developer wants to contain and share software installation data and files. The features of lossless data compression and the digital certification included in these files make this file perfect for storing and sharing such files. It supports different Microsoft installers such as Device Installer, SetUp API, and AdvPak.
A CAF file is an audio file saved in the Core Audio Format (CAF), a digital audio format based on Apple's Core Audio technology. It stores audio data, text annotations, markers, channel layouts, and other information. CAF files are similar to .AIFF and .WAVE files, but do not have a 4GB size limit and can store any number of audio channels.
A file with .cbc extension is a compressed collection of Comic Book files for eBooks and contains CBZ and CBR files. It is used by Calibre, an eBook conversion application, which is a cross-platform open-source e-book manager and lets you manage your ebooks and convert these to different formats. A CBC file contains a .txt file, comics.txt, that lists other files which are part of the archive. Several applications are available online that can convert CBC files to AZW3, EPUB, FB2, MOBI, TXT, PDF, and other popular file formats.
A file with a .cbr extension is a collection of images stored as compressed binary files using the RAR compression file format. It contains images in JPEG, PNG or GIF images that represent images in a comic and are shown to user when the file is used in ebook readers such as Calibre. CBR is similar to CBZ other than that CBZ is compressed and stored in the ZIP file format. These files can be contained inside comic book collection files such as CBC.
A file with .cbz extension is a comic book ZIP archive file that is a collection of images, representing the pages of a comic book. CBZ is different from other ebook files that are not compressed. Most of the ebook and comic book readers support viewing these files. CBR is another comic book archive file format that uses RAR compression instead of ZIP. CBZ and CBR files can be contained inside comic book collection files such as CBC. Applications that can open and read CBZ files include software apps such as Calibre and Comic Book Reader.
A CDR file is a vector drawing image file that is natively created with CorelDRAW for storing digital image encoded and compressed. Such a drawing file contains text, lines, shapes, images, colours and effects for vector representation of image contents. CDR files can be opened with CorelDRAW as the primary application and can also be converted to other formats such as PDF, JPG, PNG, BMP and AI. It can be used for representation of various graphics data like brochures, tabloids, envelopes, and postcards. Besides CorelDRAW, other Corel products such as Corel Paintshop Pro and CorelDRAW Graphics suite can also open the CDR file formats.
The CHM file format represents Microsoft HTML help file that consists of a collection of HTML pages. It provides an index for quick accessing the topics and navigation to different parts of the help document. The CHM file can be searched for contents via the provided search option. CHM is Microsoft Proprietary online help file format that is often used for software documentation. In addition, it is used in several other applications like training guides, interactive books, and electronic newsletters. Most of the modern Microsoft Development environments support generating CHM documentation from information available in the application.
A CR2 (Camera RAW 2) file is a RAW image file created by Canon digital cameras. It stores the original non-processed lossless image data captured by the camera. CR2 file format was developed by Canon for its digital cameras and can record high-qulaity images of up to 14 bits of RGB. This produces high quality images with enough room of post processing. CR2 image format has been used by Canon in their 350D, 20D and 1D camera models. CR2 files are RAW files and contain additional metadata information such as camera information, lens info, bracketing information, white balance and other settings.
Uncompressed and unprocessed Camera RAW image file from a Canon digital camera; based on the Camera Image File Format (CIFF), a standardized format developed for saving images.
Files with .csv (Comma Separated Values) extension represent plain text files that contain records of data with comma separated values. Each line in a CSV file is a new record from the set of records contained in the file. Such files are generated when data transfer is intended from one storage system to another. Since all applications can recognize records separated by comma, import of such data files to database is done very conveniently. Almost all spreadsheet applications such as Microsoft Excel or OpenOffice Calc can import CSV without much effort. Data imported from such files is arranged in cells of a spreadsheet for representation to user.
DjVu, pronounced as “déjà vu”, is a graphics file format intended for scanned documents and books especially those which contain the combination of text, drawings, images and photographs. It was developed by AT&T Labs. It uses multiple techniques like image layer separation of text and background images, progressive loading, arithmetic coding and lossy compression for bitonal images. Since DJVU file can contain compressed yet high-quality colour images, photographs, text, and drawings and can be saved in less space therefore, it’s used on web as eBooks, manuals, newspapers, ancient documents, etc.
DNG is a digital camera image format used for the storage of raw files. It has been developed by Adobe in September 2004. It was basically developed for digital photography. DNG is an extension of TIFF/EP standard format and uses metadata significantly. In order to manipulate raw data from digital cameras with the ease of flexibility and artistic control, photographers opt camera raw files. JPEG and TIFF formats store images that are processed by the camera, therefore, not much room for alteration is available in such formats.
Files with .doc extension represent documents generated by Microsoft Word or other word processing documents in binary file format. The extension was initially used for plain text documentation on several different operating systems. It can contain several different types of data such as images, formatted as well as plain text, graphs, charts, embedded objects, links, pages, page formatting, print settings and a lot others. The format was popular for all sorts of documentation due to the variety of options it offers to users for writing manuals, proposals, specifications, resumes, articles or any similar documents. The updated version of DOC is DOCX which is based on Office OpenXML whose specifications are openly available.
DOCX is a well-known format for Microsoft Word documents. Introduced from 2007 with the release of Microsoft Office 2007, the structure of this new Document format was changed from plain binary to a combination of XML and binary files. Docx files can be opened with Word 2007 and lateral versions but not with the earlier versions of MS Word which support DOC file extensions.
Files with DWG extension represent proprietary binary files used for containing 2D and 3D design data. Like DXF, which are ASCII files, DWG represent the binary file format for CAD (Computer Aided Design) drawings. It contains vector image and metadata for representation of contents of CAD files. There are free viewers available for viewing DWG files on Windows Operating System such as the Autodesk’s free DWG TrueView. There are other third party applications as well that support reaching DWG files. DWG files contain user created information and includes:
DXF, Drawing Interchange Format, or Drawing Exchange Format, is a tagged data representation of AutoCAD drawing file. Each element in the file has a prefix integer number called a group code. This group code actually represents the element that follows and indicates the meaning of a data element for a given object type. DXF makes it possible to represent almost all user-specified information in a drawing file.
Enhanced metafile format (EMF) stores graphical images device-independently. Metafiles of EMF comprises of variable-length records in chronological order that can render the stored image after parsing on any output device. These variable-length records can be definitions of enclosed objects, commands for drawing, and graphics properties critical to render the image accurately. When a device opens an EMF metafile using its own graphics environment, the proportions, dimensions, colors and other graphic properties of original image remains same regardless of the opening device platform.
EML file format represents email messages saved using Outlook and other relevant applications. Almost all emailing clients support this file format for its compliance with RFC-822 Internet Message Format Standard. Microsoft Outlook is the default software for opening EML message types. EML files can be used for saving to disc as well as sending out to recipients using communication protocols.
A .eps file is an image file that is saved to disc in Encapsulated Postscript file format. It may contain any combination of text, graphics and images. EPS files may also include a bitmap preview image encapsulated inside for display by applications that can open such files.
Files with .epub extension are an e-book file format that provide a standard digital publication format for publishers and consumers. The format has been so common by now that it is supported by many e-readers and software applications. For example, on Mac OS, the pre-installed Books software provides the support for opening such files. In addition, there are a lot of compatible software available for smartphones, tablets and computers. EPUB file standards are maintained by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF). The version EPUB 3 is also endorsed by the Book Industry Study Group (BISG), a leading book trade association for standardized best practices, research, information and events, for packaging of content.
The ERF file format is the RAW image format used by Epson cameras. Many photographers like to take their photos in RAW mode as this allows them to control the creative editing of an image and they can play around with the various settings around colour correction and white balance before they decide to convert to a more mainstream format.
F4V (Flash MP4 Video File) is a video file saved with the .f4v extension. It is based on the ISO base media file format (MPEG-4 Part 12). It is very similar to MP4 which is why it is also referred to as the Flash MP4 informally. FLV had limitations when streaming H.264/ACC contents which resulted in Adobe Systems creating the new F4V format. Flash Player can play F4V files since the release of Flash Player 9 Update 3.
Files with .fb2 extension are FictionBook 2.0 eBook files that contains the structure of the eBook. It is based on XML format and contains special tags for describing each element of the book. It was developed primarily for fictional writings and literature, but is not limited to these only. The format accommodates all the metadata as well as content in itself and allows flexibility for a number of operations such as automatic processing, indexing, and conversion to other formats. In short, it focuses on describing the structure of the file instead of specifying its appearance. Several applications as well as APIs are available to convert FB2 to several other formats on Windows, MacOS, and Linux.
FLAC(Free Lossless Audio Codec) is a lossless compression audio coding format developed by Xiph.Org Foundation. FLAC is a royalty-free open format that is saved with the .flac extension. Digital audio compressed using the FLAC algorithm is typically reduced to 50 to 70 percent in size. FLAC files can be decompressed to an identical copy of the original audio files.
FLV (Flash Video) is a container file format with the .flv extension. FLV is used to deliver audio/video content over the internet by using the Adobe Flash Player or Adobe Air. The data in FLV files are encoded in the same way as SWF files. The direct support was added to Flash Player 7 in 2003. Adobe systems created F4V in 2007 due to the restrictions of FLV.
A GIF or Graphical Interchange Format is a type of highly compressed image. Owned by Unisys, GIF uses the LZW compression algorithm that does not degrade the image quality. For each image GIF typically allow up to 8 bits per pixel and up to 256 colours are allowed across the image. In contrast to a JPEG image, which can display up to 16 million colours and fairly touches the limits of the human eye. Back when the internet emerged, GIFs remained the best choice because they required low bandwidth and compatible for the graphics that consume solid areas of colour. An animated GIF combines numerous images or frames into a single file and displays them in a sequence to generate an animated clip or a short video. The colour limitations are up to 256 for each frame and are likely to be the least suitable for reproducing other images and photographs with colour gradient.
Video format used by Google Video Player, a video playback program developed by Google; similar to an .AVI file and encoded in DivX4 with an MP3 compressed audio track; can also be played by VLC if the file does not incorporate DRM encryption.
Temporary video file generated by video ripping and conversion programs, such as StaxRip and RipBot264; contains extracted video data that can be repurposed and encoded into other video formats; typically stored with MPEG-4/H.264 encoding.
An HEIC file is a High-Efficiency Container Image file format that can store multiple images as a collection in a single file. The format was adopted by Apple as variant of the HEIF with the launch of iOS 11. It was adopted as the default file format for storing images in compressed form on mobile devices. HEIC, like HEIF, are compressed using the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard and are smaller in size without compromising the quality.
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is the extension for web pages created for display in browsers. Known as language of the web, HTML has evolved with requirements of new information requirements to be displayed as part of web pages.
An ICO file contains an icon, which is typically used to represent a Windows program, file, or folder. It stores one or more images in various sizes so they can be appropriately scaled depending on their use. ICO files are similar to .CUR files, which are also used in Windows, and .ICNS files, which are used in macOS.
A JPG file is a raster image saved in the JPEG format, commonly used to store digital photographs and graphics created by image-editing software. JPEG features lossy compression that can significantly reduce the size of an image without much degradation and supports up to 16,777,216 colors.
A KEY file is the private part of a security mechanism that is saved to disc in Privacy-Enhanced Mal (PEM) file format. It is used to decrypt information exchanged between a web browser and the web server that serves the browsing requests. A KEY file contains encoded strings that are useless for human eye but are the essence of encrypting/decrypting information exchange as part of SSL certificate on web servers. KEY files are automatically generated and are installed at client end.
A KEY file is the private part of a security mechanism that is saved to disc in Privacy-Enhanced Mal (PEM) file format. It is used to decrypt information exchanged between a web browser and the web server that serves the browsing requests. A KEY file contains encoded strings that are useless for human eye but are the essence of encrypting/decrypting information exchange as part of SSL certificate on web servers. KEY files are automatically generated and are installed at client end.
The LIT files belong to the ancient Microsoft Reader which was used to read e-books. The eBooks which are displayed by Microsoft Reader have the extension .lit which is shortened to Literature. The LIT file format consists of a Microsoft ITOL/ITLS HTML Help 2.0 file, which gives all sorts of amazing features like LZX compression, the binary representation of markup material, and arbitrary optional auxiliary data associated with each stream. Book text is an arbitrary number of OEBPS 1.0 markup streams and a subset of OEBPS 1.0 CSS. Images are GIF, JPEG, and PNG.
A file with .lrf extension is a Broad Band eBook (BBeB)file that contains data for a Sony BBeB, including text, images and pagination data. The file is saved in a compressed binary format which contains a header, a specified number of objects, and an object index. LRF and LRX files enclose the two BBeB book formats available. The LRF files are not encrypted and can be compiled from LRX files. The LRF files can be converted from several other file types including PDF and HTML. If your computer cannot open the LRF file, then you probably do not have the software installed to open or edit the LRF files. Programs that can open LRF files are Caliber, BookDesigner, Makelrf and Canon Book Creator for Windows, Caliber for Linux, Caliber, and Sony Reader for Macintosh.
A file with .lzh and .lha extension usually relates to archive compression file format. This file format is the same as other file compression formats like ZIP, RAR, etc. The main purpose of these file formats is to reduce the size of the format for easily sending as well as to keep them together in compressed form. AS compare to other western companies LZH files are very popular in Japan and usually used for compressing video game data. The LZH add-on for Windows 7 is built into the Japanese version of Windows 7. Microsoft first released the Microsoft Compressed (LZH) Folder Add-on for the Japanese version of Windows XP. This file format is implemented with compression provisions and features used by the Lempel-Ziv and Haruyasu algorithm
An M2TS file contain the high definition video on Blu-ray Disc and AVCHD. This file format is based on the MPEG-2 transport stream container and used for multiplexing audio, video and other streams. M2TS files can be played on the devices supporting playback of AVCHD, such as, Sony PlayStation 3s, Sony Bravia TVs, Western Digital WDTVs, Xtreamer media player, Amkette FlashTV HD Media Player and Panasonic Viera TVs supporting AVCHD.
The M4A file format is an audio file created by using the AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) which is known as a lossy compression. The word M4A abbreviated as MPEG 4 Audio. These audio files usually have .m4a file extension. This is especially true of un-protected content. It may store various types of audio content, such as audiobooks, songs and podcasts. M4A is usually realized as more advanced format than MP3, which had not been typically designed for audio only. It is just an audio layer in MPEG 1 or 2 video files. M4A format is encrypted by FairPlay Digital Rights Management as were sold via the iTunes Store use the .m4p extension. The Apple iPhones use MPEG-4 audio for their ringtones but those audio files use the .m4r extension.
The file with .m4b extension is an audiobook generally used by Apple books and iTunes. The Audio used in this format is stored in MPEG-4 and compressed by using AAC encoding. An M4B file is very similar to M4A but having support the audiobook related features, such as bookmarking and chapter breaks. The M4B files are available in both DRM enabled and DRM free versions. DRM encryted audiobooks are usually paid audiobooks from iTunes Store. Whereas, DRM free can be found easily over the internet.
An M4R file contains a custom iPhone ringtone created with Apple iTunes, a media player bundled with Apple devices. It can only be created from a song purchased from the iTunes music store that allows ringtone creation. M4R files are automatically transferred to an iPhone when the phone is synced with the computer using Apple iTunes.
M4V file format, developed by Apple, is a video container optionally protected with Digital Rights Management (DRM) copy protection to protect privacy or copy. Videos and audio tracks are wrapped around by container files to indexing and organizing playback streams. In addition, containers also provide the feature of chapters similar to those on DVDs. Apple uses M4V to encode videos in its iTunes Store. It protects unauthorized reproduction through Apple’s FairPlay copy protection by allowing M4V files to be played on only authorized computers having the accounts used to purchase the video. However, if DRM-protection is removed from M4V files, these files can be played in other video players by changing the extension from .m4v to .mp4, which is why M4V files are associated with MPEG-4. M4V uses H.264 for video and AAC and Dolby Digital for audio encoding and decoding.
An MDI file is a document saved in a high-resolution, tag-based graphics format developed from the TIFF format. It is created by Microsoft Office to save scanned documents and may be turned into a Word (.DOC) document using OCR (optical character recognition) software.
Camera RAW image captured by a Mamiya digital camera; stores the image as it was captured by the camera's CCD; usually stored on a memory card and then transferred to the computer for editing and publishing.
A file having .MID or.MIDI file extension is the Musical Instrument Digital (MID) Interface file. It is the difference from ordinary audio files such as WAVs or MP3s in that it doesn’t carry the actual audio content; hence, is quite smaller in size. The content includes the notes played, their timing, duration, and desired loudness for each note. The MID file fundamentally consists of information explaining how should the sound be heard when linked with the playback device or loaded into a specific software that interprets audio data. This makes it an ideal tool for sharing musical data between compatible apps and over a low-bandwidth connection. The smaller size enables easy storage for which even floppy disks can be used.
MKV (Matroska Video) is a multimedia container similar to MOV and AVI format but it supports more than one audio and subtitle track in the same file. An MKV file is the Matroska multimedia container format used for video. MKV is based on Extensible Binary Meta Language and it supports several video and audio compression formats. The major difference between MKV and other video formats is that MKV is a container and not a codec. MKV files are saved with the .mkv file extension. MKV can incorporate audio, video, and subtitles in a single file even if those elements use different types of encoding. For example, you could have an MKV file that contains H.264 video and MP3 or AAC for audio. MKV also supports descriptions, ratings, cover art, and even chapter points. There are several key features that MKV is future-proof. These features include:
The MOBI file format is one of the most widely used ebook file formats. The format is an enhancement to the old OEB (Open Ebook Format) format and was used as the proprietary format for Mobipocket Reader. Like EPUB, it is supported by almost all modern e-readers specifically by mobile devices with low bandwidth. The format can be converted to several other formats such as PDF, EPUB, and several other formats using publicly available software applications such as the Kindle app. There are several companies that offer free MOBI books such as Project Gutenberg, Feedbooks, and Open Library.
A file with .mod extension is a music module file created by using the standard music module format, which is based on the Amiga module format developed by Karsten Obarski and released with the Ultimate Soundtracker software for the Commodore Amiga system. Similar to a MIDI file, it consists of note patterns and sound samples, representing different instruments that are played back according to the notes. MOD files are particularly used in video games as background music and in the demoscene computer art subculture.
A MOV file is a video file type, developed by Apple Inc., that contains one or more tracks. Each track stores a movie, audio, movie clips, and subtitles. It is a multimedia container that can store different type of media elements. MOV video format is compatible with both Windows and Macintosh systems. It uses MPEG-4 coded for compression and tracks are maintained in objects called atoms which are placed in a hierarchical data structure.
Files with .mp3 extension are digitally encoded file formats for audio files that are formally based on the MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III. It was developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) that uses Layer 3 audio compression. Compression achieved by MP3 file format is 1/10th the size of .WAV or .AIF files. The format gives advantages of streaming such audio files over the internet for listening online that was previously not possible due to the large file sizes of audio files. Sound quality of an MP3 audio file can be controlled by parameter settings such as bit rate, sample rate, joint or normal stereo.
MP4(short for MPEG-4 Part 14) is a file format based on ISO/IEC 14496-12:2004 that is based on QuickTime File Format but formally specifies support for Initial Object Descriptors (IOD) and other MPEG features. It is mostly used to store video and audio but can also be used to store subtitles and still images. MP4 files are stored with the .mp4 extension. MP4 is an international audio-visual coding standard. Similar to most modern container formats, MP4 supports streaming over the internet. Due to the high compression used in MP4, the resultant files are smaller in size with almost all the original quality retained.
The file with a .mpg extension belongs to the group of file extensions for MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 audio and video compression. MPEG-1 Part 2 video is not easily available, and this extension (MPG file format) typically points to a MPEG program stream which is defined in MPEG-1 and MPEG-2, or an MPEG transport stream which is defined in MPEG-2. Other extensions such as .m2ts also exist specifying the accurate container, in this case, MPEG-2 TS, but this has little pertinence to MPEG-1 media. The .mp3 is the most common extension for files containing MP3 audio. An MP3 file is a typical stream of raw audio; the traditional way to tag MP3 files is by writing stream data to “garbage” segments of each frame, which save the media information but are discarded by the mpg file player. This is a similar technique used to tag the AAC files, but less supported nowadays.
A file with a .mpp extension is a Microsoft Project data file that stores information related to project management in an integrated manner. Microsoft has developed this proprietary file format to make it compatible with Microsoft Project (MSP), their project management software product. Other than MPP, MSP can work with project XML schema. Many applications and APIs allow MPPs to be converted to other file formats. Microsoft now has an online Project Server where project management files can be uploaded for collaboration by multiple users.
Raw image format used by Minolta Dimage digital cameras; stores data in an uncompressed format exactly as it was captured by the camera's sensor; settings like color temperature and exposure can be edited with software after the image is saved on a computer.
MSG is a file format used by Microsoft Outlook and Exchange to store email messages, contact, appointment, or other tasks. Such messages may contain one or more email fields, with the sender, recipient, subject, date, and message body, or contact information, appointment particulars, and one or more task specifications. The properties that constitute the Message object, including are also a part of the MSG file. MSG file has headers, main message body, and hyperlinks as plain ASCII text. MSG files are also suitable with the programs that need Microsoft’s Messaging Applications Programming Interface (MAPI).
An MTS file is an AVCHD (Advanced Video Coding High Definition) video file shoot by typical camcorders. This file format is a standard video format that is used by many AVCHD compatible camcorders such as Sony and Panasonic HD camcorders. MTS allows you to record high-definition (HD) videos to transform or share them on your computer. The MTS file is being applied widely by many professionals and home users as their video file format in this modern era.
NEF is Nikon’s RAW image file format, captured with Nikon digital cameras. It stores the raw image data as captured by the camera sensor as well as metadata about the image such as camera identification, its settings, and other related information. It is stored to the camera memory card as uncompressed or lossless compressed form.
The files with .numbers extension are classified as spreadsheet file type, that’s why they are similar to the .xlsx files; but the Numbers files are created by using Apple iWork Numbers spreadsheet software. The Apple iWork Numbers is a unit software of the iWork Productivity Suite. The iWork Productivity Suite is equivalent to the Microsoft Office Suite that is used on Windows PCs. Hence, we can say the Numbers which is available for MacOS is also a competitor of Microsoft Excel. Likewise, Microsoft Excel, the NUMBERS file may also contain the tables, charts and formulas. You can find various softwares to convert NUMBERS file to Excel or other spreadsheets.
A NUMBERS file is a spreadsheet created by Apple Numbers, a spreadsheet program bundled with macOS. It contains one or more sheets with data organized into rows and columns, and may also include tables, graphs, images, formulas, and other types of data. NUMBERS files can be created from scratch or from a template provided with the application.
The ODG file format is used by Apache OpenOffice’s Draw application to store drawing elements as a vector image. It follows the XML based file format specifications outlined by Advancement of Structural Information Standards (OASIS). ODG represents drawings as vector images using points, lines and curves. Besides OpenOffice, LibreOffice and other applications also provide support for working with ODG file format. Other formats supported by OpenOffice, for example, include ODT, ODF, ODP and ODS.
Files with .odp extension represent presentation file format used by OpenOffice.org in the OASISOpen standard. A presentation file is a collection of slides where each slide can comprise of text, images, formatting, animations, and other media. These slides are presented to audience in the form of slideshows with custom presentation settings. ODP files can be opened by applications that conform to the OpenDocument format (such as OpenOffice or StarOffice).
An ODS file is a spreadsheet created by Calc, a spreadsheet program included with the LibreOffice and Apache OpenOffice suites. It stores data in cells organized into rows and columns, and it may also contain charts, mathematical functions, and formatting. ODS files are similar to .XLSX files.
ODT files are type of documents created with word processing applications that are based on OpenDocument Text File format. These are created with word processor applications such as free OpenOffice Writer and can hold content such as text, images, objects and styles. The ODT file is to Writer word processor what the DOCX is to Microsoft Word. Several applications including Google Docs and Google’s web-based word processor included with Google Drive can open the ODT files for editing. Microsoft Word can also open ODT files and save it in to other formats such as DOC and DOCX.
An OGA file is an audio file saved using the Ogg audio container format. It may be encoded using one of several audio codecs, including FLAC, Ghost, Opus, or OggPCM. OGA files may also be encoded using the Ogg Vorbis or Speex codecs, though Xiph.Org does not recommend encoding OGA files using these codecs, due to compatibility issues.
OGG is an Ogg Vorbis Compressed Audio File that is saved with the .ogg extension. OGG files are used for storing audio data and can include artist and track information and metadata as well. OGG is a free and open container format that is maintained by Xiph.Org Foundation.
An ORF file is a RAW photo taken with an Olympus digital camera. It is saved in the Olympus RAW Format (ORF), which stores image data exactly as captured by the camera's sensor. ORF files also include color, saturation, contrast, and temperature data and metadata detailing the specifications of the camera that captured the ORF image.
A PAGES file is a word document created with Apple pages application which is a word processor developed by Apple Inc. Document saved as a PAGES file can contain a variety of different content types such as reports, posters, brochures, newsletter, and books. Apple PAGES also provides a number of different templates to create these document types. Contents of a PAGES file may contain text, images, graphs, tables and charts. Apple PAGES runs on macOS, iPadOS, and iOS operating systems.
A PAGES file is a word document created with Apple pages application which is a word processor developed by Apple Inc. Document saved as a PAGES file can contain a variety of different content types such as reports, posters, brochures, newsletter, and books. Apple PAGES also provides a number of different templates to create these document types. Contents of a PAGES file may contain text, images, graphs, tables and charts. Apple PAGES runs on macOS, iPadOS, and iOS operating systems.
A PCX file, Picture Exchange file, is a raster image file format that was used as native file format for PC Paintbrush application. It was developed by ZSoft Corporation, USA for DOS and Windows platforms and was adopted as the main imaging file format before the arrival of BMP, JPEG, and PNG file formats. PCX files are smaller in size as they are compressed using the RLE encoding. It is used in the multi-page DCX file that is primarily used to create digital fax files.
A file with .pdb extension is a program database file that contains debugging information for a compiled executable (EXE/DLL). PDB files are generated by Microsoft Compilers when an application program is compiled in debug mode. The presence of PDB file can help in reverse engineering an executable as it contains significant information about all symbols of the modules. It is for this reason that these files are kept separate from the final executable. Microsoft’s DgbHelp API can open a PDB file to obtain information such as publics and exports, global symbols, local symbols, type data, source files and line numbers.
A PDF file is a multi-platform document created by Adobe Acrobat or another PDF application. The PDF format is commonly used for saving documents and publications in a standard format that can be viewed on multiple platforms. In many cases, PDF files are created from existing documents instead of from scratch.
A PEF file is a raw camera image created by Pentax digital cameras. It stores image information exactly how it was captured by the camera's CCD sensor, with no compression or color adjustment. Professional photographers typically use PEF files because they store higher-quality images.
Palm Inc introduced the PML file format which stands for Palm Markup Language File. Its purpose is to create docs for eReader which is an eBook reading device similar to the tablet computer. The PML file gives the layout to a PDB file (containing various data files) to display on a Palm Device.
A PNG (Portable Network Graphics) file is a raster image file format that uses lossless compression. This file format was created as a replacement of Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) and has no copyright limitations. However, PNG file format does not support animations. PNG file format supports lossless image compression that makes it popular among its users. With the passage of time, PNG has evolved as one of the widely used image file formats.
A PPM file is a raster image saved in the Portable Pixmap format. It contains plain text that specifies the image's type (plain or "raw"), its number of columns and rows, and its maximum color value. Plain PPM files then specify each pixel's color using ASCII-encoded numbers, while "raw" PPM files specify each included pixel's color using raw binary data.
PPS, PowerPoint Slide Show, files are created using Microsoft PowerPoint for Slide Show purpose. PPS file reading and creation is supported by Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003. The more latest version of this file format is PPSX which is based on Office OpenXML standards. PPS files can still be read by latest versions of Microsoft PowerPoint, but newly created files can only be saved in PPSX file format. When a PPS file is shared with another user and opened, it starts as Powerpoint show unlike PPT file which opens in editable mode.
PPSX, Power Point Slide Show, file are created using Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 and above for Slide Show purpose. It is an update to the PPS file format that was supported by Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 versions. When a PPSX file is shared with another user and opened, it starts as PowerPoint show unlike PPTX file that opens in editable mode. The sequence of slide show is the same as in the original presentation. All the slides accompany the images, sounds and other embedded media accompany the presentation slides to the PPSX during the slideshow.
A file with PPT extension represents PowerPoint file that consists of a collection of slides for displaying as SlideShow. It specifies the Binary File Format used by Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003. A PPT file can contain several different types of information such as text, bulleted points, images, multimedia and other embedded OLE objects. Microsoft came up with newer file format for PowerPoint, known as PPTX, from 2007 onwards that is based on Office OpenXML and is different from this binary file format. Several other application programs such as OpenOffice Impress and Apple Keynote can also create PPT files.
Files with PPTX extension are presentation files created with popular Microsoft PowerPoint application. Unlike the previous version of presentation file format PPT which was binary, the PPTX format is based on the Microsoft PowerPoint open XML presentation file format. A presentation file is a collection of slides where each slide can comprise of text, images, formatting, animations, and other media. These slides are presented to audience in the form of slideshows with custom presentation settings.
The “.prc” extensions are being used for Product Representation Compact 3D file format and an e-book file format by MobiPocket.
PostScript (PS) is a general-purpose page description language used in the business of desktop and electronic publishing. The main focus of PostScript (PS) is to facilitate the two-dimensional graphic design. Most languages require a distinct compilation stage before the code execution while Post Script (PS) format support a runtime straight forward interpretation. Its early version defines the graphical shapes, different text appearances and modelled imageries on printed pages or displayed pages, following the rules of Adobe imaging model. A program of PS is able to intercommunicate a document description between a composition and printing system keeping the device independent and high-level. Moreover this program is also capable of governing the appearance of text and graphics on a display.
PSD, Photoshop Document, represents Adobe Photoshop’s native file format used for graphics designing and development. PSD files may include image layers, adjustment layers, layer masks, annotations, file information, keywords and other Photoshop-specific elements. Photoshop files have default extension as .PSD and has a maximum height and width of 30,000 pixels, and a length limit of two gigabytes.
A PUB file is a Microsoft Publisher document file format. It is used to create several types of design layout documents such as newsletters, flyers, brochures, postcards, etc. PUB files can contain text, raster and vector images. Documents created with PUB files are mostly used in websites and marketing materials such as Emails. PUB files can be opened with Microsoft Publisher Desktop application, Microsoft Publisher 365, LibreOffice Draw, and Adobe InDesign.
Audio file used by RealPlayer, an audio and video streaming program; may reference a streaming audio file online or may contain audio data; can use various codecs to compress audio with variable bit rates; uses a proprietary Real compression algorithm.
An RAF file is a digital photograph captured by select Fuji digital cameras, such as the high-end FinePix models. It contains an image in the uncompressed RAW Fuji (RAF) format. RAF files may also include a .JPG version of the same image within the file for thumbnail preview purposes.
Link file used by RealPlayer, a program used for streaming Internet audio and video; saved in plain text and contains a hyperlink to a corresponding .RA file, which can be streamed; includes a "pnm" or "rtsp" URL, which are the protocols used to access and play RealAudio data.
Files with .rar extension are archive files that are created for storing information in compressed or normal form. RAR, which stands for Roshal ARchive file format, is a proprietary file format created by Eugene Roshal in 1995 who was a Russian software engineer. The format is used to archive files with different methods including various compression techniques. There are several application software available for Windows, Linux and MacOS for extraction of RAR files. WinRAR software, by RARLab, is the shareware file archiving utility (free for 40 days) for Microsoft Windows platform; the software was ported to Linux (only as extractor) by the same Author, Eugene Roshal.
A RAW file is an image generated by digital cameras such as Panasonic, Leica, and Casio cameras. It contains uncompressed, raw image data captured by a digital camera's CCD. Professional photographers often work with RAW files since they can more accurately edit images stored in the format.
The file with extension .rb holds the Rocket eBook content. The Rocket eBook is actually a device made by Nuvo Media; they released this device in 1998. Although Rocket eBook is capable of displaying images, but only in black and white display. It has a screen of 106 dpi or 480 x 320 pixels on a 4.5 x 3-inch touch screen. The Rocket eBook connects to a computer via a serial port connection to download eBooks in RB file format. The RB files are capable to use DRM but this technology is not being used in modern eBooks. The RB file conventionally contains an HTML file with the images and a pseudo-OPF file with all of the metadata (.info).
RealMedia is a proprietary multimedia container format developed by RealNetworks that uses the .rm extension. It is used with the combination of RealAudio (RA) and RealVideo(RV) for streaming over the internet. These streams are of constant bitrate. For variable bitrate, RealNetworks developed the RealMedia Variable Bitrate (RMVB) format. RealMedia is suitable for streaming content over the internet and can be used for streaming live television for example.
RealMedia Variable Bitrate (RMVB) is an extension of the RealMedia (RM) container format. The RMVB files use the .rmvb file extension. RealMedia (RM) holds streaming media encoded at constant bitrate whereas RealMedia Variable Bitrate (RMVB) has variable bitrate. RMVB is typically used for the files stored locally.
Introduced and documented by Microsoft, the Rich Text Format (RTF) represents a method of encoding formatted text and graphics for use within applications. The format facilitates cross-platform document exchange with other Microsoft Products, thus serving the purpose of interoperability. This capability makes it a standard of data transfer between word processing software and, hence, contents can be transferred from one operating system to another without losing document formatting. The file format specifications are available by Microsoft for public download and can be referred to from developer’s perspective.
An SR2 file is a raw camera image created by Sony digital cameras such as the R-1. It stores uncompressed image data in the Sony RAW 2 (SR2) format exactly how the camera's sensor CCD captured it. Sony photographers commonly work with SR2 files because they can more accurately edit them than compressed images stored at a lower quality.
An SVG file is a Scalar Vector Graphics file that uses XML based text format for describing the appearance of an image. The word Scalable refers to the fact that the SVG can be scaled to different sizes without losing any quality. Text-based description of such files makes them independent of resolution. It is one of the most used formats for building a website and print graphics in order to achieve scalability. The format can only be used for two-dimensional graphics though. SVG files can be viewed/opened in almost all modern browsers including Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari.
TAR archive compressed with the BZ2 compression algorithm; contains one or more compressed files; commonly used for Linux software package distributions.
A .tar.gz file extension represents a collection of files grouped together as a Tape Archive File (TAR) that has been compressed using the Gzip compression application. This means that the file is given a double extension relating to both the archiving method and the compression method. Files of this nature are often referred to as a tarball.
Files with .tar extension are archives created with Unix-based utility for collecting one or more files. Multiple files are stored in an uncompressed format with the support of adding files as well as folders to the archive. TAR utility on Unix is Command based, but files hence created are supported by most file archiving systems on almost all operating systems. It was first created in 1979 by the AT&T Bell Laboratories and subsequent versions were published with the passage of time.
In the early ’90s, the TCR file format was introduced for the ancient Psion Series 3 palmtop devices. The company used its platform-specific compression and this format has very limited support for text formatting. It is a ZVR based file format and provides a comparatively better compression rate than PalmDOC. It also works very well with FontMachine. Although the TCR file format belongs to a discontinued device, still this file format can be read by using some eReaders. This file format can also be viewed on a desktop with Sumatra PDF and with the Calibre application in Windows and Linux.
A file with .tga extension is a raster graphic format and was created by Truevision Inc. It was designed for the TARGA (Truevision Advanced Raster Adapter) boards and provided Highcolor/truecolor display support for IBM-compatible PCs. It supports 8, 16, 24 and 32 bits per pixel and 8-bit alpha channel. It also supports lossless RLE compression that can be applied to reduce the image size. Digital photos and textures use the TGA image format.
TIFF or TIF, Tagged Image File Format, represents raster images that are meant for usage on a variety of devices that comply with this file format standard. It is capable of describing bilevel, grayscale, palette-color and full-color image data in several color spaces. It supports lossy as well as lossless compression schemes to choose between space and time for applications using the format. The format is not machine dependent and is free from bounds like processor, operating system, or file systems.
A TS file is a translation file generated with the lupdate software utility that comes bundled with the Digia’s Qt SDK. The SDK is available for Windows, Mac and Linux Operating Systems. TS file contains phrases in one language and their translations into another language. The translations stored inside a TS file are specific to a particular application. TS files can be opened with the Digia Qt SDK.
A file with .TXT extension represents a text document that contains plain text in the form of lines. Paragraphs in a text document are recognized by carriage returns and are used for better arrangement of file contents. A standard text document can be opened in any text editor or word processing application on different operating systems. All the text contained in such a file is in human-readable format and represented by sequence of characters.
VOB files are stored typically in the VIDEO_TS directory on a DVD with a .vob extension. VOB files contain video and audio data as well as other data like menus and subtitles. VOB is based on MPEG-2 program stream format but it has additional limitations and specifications in private streams. VOB files are a strict subset of MPEG program streams so all VOB files are MPEG program streams but all MPEG program streams are not VOB compliant.
VSD files are drawings created with Microsoft Visio application to represent variety of graphical objects and the interconnection between these. Such drawings can contain visual objects such as visual objects, flow charts, UML diagram, information flow, organizational charts, software diagrams, network layout, database models, objects mapping and other similar information. Microsoft Visio offers the capability to convert Visio files to a number of different file formats including PNG, BMP, PDF and others.
Files with .vsdx extension represent Microsoft Visio file format introduced from Microsoft Office 2013 onwards. It was developed to replace the binary file format, .VSD, which is supported by earlier versions of Microsoft Visio. It is also supported on Visio Services in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2013 and does not require an intermediary file format for publishing to SharePoint Server. Visio files are used to create drawings that contain visual objects, flow charts, UML diagram, information flow, organizational charts, software diagrams, network layout, database models, objects mapping and other similar information. Files generated using Visio can also be exported to different file formats such as PNG, BMP, PDF and others.
WAV, known for WAVE (Waveform Audio File Format), is a subset of Microsoft’s Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) specification for storing digital audio files. The format doesn’t apply any compression to the bitstream and stores the audio recordings with different sampling rates and bitrates. It has been and is one of the standard format for audio CDs. Wave files are larger in size as compared to new audio file formats such as MP3 which uses lossy compression to reduce the file size while maintaining the same audio quality. However, WAV files can be compressed using Audio Compression Manager (ACM) codecs. There are several APIs and applications available that can convert WAV files to other popular audio file formats.
Black and white bitmap image format used by mobile devices such as cell phones and PDAs; can be sent from one phone to another via the SMS messaging protocol; similar to a standard bitmap (.BMP) file, but only supports monochrome (1-bit) image data.
A file with a .webm extension is a video file based on the open, royalty-free WebM file format. It has been designed for sharing video on the web and defines the file container structure including video and audio formats. WebM is 100% free, implementing high-quality based on open technologies such as HTML, HTTP, and TCP/IP which are open to anyone for implementation. WebM has been specifically designed for serving video on the web which makes it optimized for streaming with a low computational footprint. This makes it suitable for videos playback on any device especially low-power netbooks, handhelds, and tablets.
WebP, introduced by Google, is a modern raster web image file format that is based on lossless and lossy compression. It provides same image quality while considerably reducing the image size. Since most of the web pages use images as effective representation of data, the use of WebP images in web pages results in faster loading of web pages. As per Google, WebP lossless images are 26% smaller in size compared to PNGs, while WebP lossy images are 25-34% smaller than comparable JPEG images. Images are compared based on the Structural Similarity (SSIM) index between WebP and other image file formats. WebP is a sister project of WebM multimedia container format.
A WKS file is a spreadsheet created by Lotus 1-2-3, a spreadsheet application developed by IBM. It stores data in a grid of cells, which may contain formulas, alphanumeric text, or number values organized by rows and columns.
A file with .wma extension represents an audio file that is saved in the Advanced Systems Format (ASF) format. ASF is Microsoft’s proprietary format that contains bitstreams encoded by Windows Media Audio 9. In addition to the the audio content, a WMA file also contains metadata objects such as title, album, artist, and genre of the track. WMA files are primarily used for streaming over the web similar to .mp3 files.
Files with WMF extension represent Microsoft Windows Metafile (WMF) for storing vector as well as bitmap-format images data. To be more accurate, WMF belongs to the vector file format category of Graphics file formats that is device independent. Windows Graphical Device Interface (GDI) uses the functions stored in a WMF file to display an image on the screen. A more enhanced version of WMF, known as Enhanced Meta Files (EMF), was published later that makes the format more feature rich. Practically, WMF are similar to SVG.
The Advanced Systems Format (ASF) is a digital multimedia container designed primarily for storing and transmitting media streams. Microsoft Windows Media Video (WMV) is the compressed video format and Microsoft Windows Media Audio (WMA) is the compressed audio format along with additional metadata in the ASF container developed by Microsoft. Once the WMV or WMA files are encoded with Windows Media Video and Windows Media Audio codecs then they are represented with .asf extension. WMV compresses large files for a better transmission rate over a network while maintaining the quality of the video. WMV is specifically designed to run on all Windows devices. After the standardization by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), WMV is now considered to be an open standard format.
A file with an extension .wpd referred to as a WordPerfect Document Files (WPD). Corel WordPerfect was used to produce this text document. A word processing program is referred to as WordPerfect. It is used in a variety of computer systems, including Windows. The WordPerfect is also utilized in business, academic, and home environments for newsletters, resumes, invitations, and letter along with other documents.
A file with .wps extension is a Microsoft Works document that was used prior to 2006 as a word document. It was similar to the newly introduced DOC file format by then, but was not as much feature rick as the new file format. For example, it didn’t support macro functionality and advanced formatting options. WPS files can still be opened with modern Word processors, but for Windows 10, you need to install a converter to load these files. Microsoft Works was replaced by Microsoft Word document processor in 2010.
An X3F file is a RAW file saved in SIGMA's X3F format, a high-end digital photo format also known as the Foveon X3 format or "FOVb." It stores data for a single image captured with a digital camera. X3F files support image data, thumbnails, preview images, and text property information.
Image file created by the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP), a freely distributed image editing program; saves layers, channels, paths, guides, and the current selection when saved.
A file with .xlr extension is a Microsoft Works Spreadsheet file format that stored data in rows and columns. Microsoft Works was developed for use as an initial productivity suite and remained functional from 1987 to 2009. It included a word processor, a spreadsheet, and a database management system. It was later discontinued after the Microsoft Office was introduced with more rich features included.
Files with XLS extension represent Excel Binary File Format. Such files can be created by Microsoft Excel as well as other similar spreadsheet programs such as OpenOffice Calc or Apple Numbers. File saved by Excel is known as Workbook where each workbook can have one or more worksheets. Data is stored and displayed to users in table format in worksheet and can span numeric values, text data, formulas, external data connections, images, and charts. Applications like Microsoft Excel lets you export workbook data to several different formats including PDF, CSV, XLSX, TXT, HTML, XPS, and several others. The XLS file format was replaced with a more open and structured format, XLSX, with the release of Microsoft Excel 2007. The latest versions still provide support for creating and reading XLS files, though XLSX is the first choice of use now.
An XLSX file is an Excel spreadsheet created by Microsoft Excel or exported by another spreadsheet program, such as OpenOffice Calc or Apple Numbers. It stores data in worksheets, which contain cells arranged in a grid of rows and columns, and may also contain charts, mathematical functions, styles, and formatting. XLSX files are commonly used to store financial data and to save simple or complex mathematical models.
An XPS file represents page layout files that are based on XML Paper Specifications created by Microsoft. It was developed as a replacement of EMF file format and is similar to PDF file format, but uses XML in layout, appearance, and printing information of a document. It is, in fact, more justified to say that XPS is an attempt on PDF, but couldn’t get enough popularity as owned by PDF for many reasons. Microsoft provides XPS Document Writer by default from Windows 7 onwards for the creation of XPS files. XPS files can be generated by selecting the “Microsoft XPS Document Writer” as printer while printing the document.
Compressed archive created by Yamazaki ZIPPER, an older Windows application used for file compression and decompression; stores the archive in a proprietary format; rarely used as a form of compression.
A file with .zip extension is an archive that can hold one or more files or directories. The archive can have compression applied to the included files in order to reduce the ZIP file size. ZIP file format was made public back in February 1989 by Phil Katz for achieving archiving of files and folders. The format was made part of PKZIP utility, created by PKWARE, Inc. Right after the availability of available specifications, many companies made ZIP file format part of their software utilities including Microsoft (since Windows 7), Apple (Mac OS X ) and many others.